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Essentially, the PCM combines the roles of the Engine Control Unit (ECU) and the Transmission Control Unit (TCU), providing centralized control over the vehicle's powertrain to ensure optimal performance, efficiency, and emission control.

Both components are involved in the engine's operation, the intake manifold deals with air distribution (and sometimes fuel), while the fuel rail deals specifically with delivering pressurized fuel to the injectors.

The Mass Air Flow (MAF) sensor is a critical component in modern fuel-injected engines. It measures the amount of air entering the engine's intake system and sends this information to the engine control unit (ECU). The ECU then uses this data to calculate the correct air-fuel mixture for combustion.